定於11月12日結束的聯合國氣候變化框架公約締約方第26次大會（COP26）延時到11月13日，各方最後磋商和協調衝刺，通過折衷讓步達成共識文本

經過6年談判，《協定》第六條和透明度要求達成一致，《巴黎協定》實施規則最終獲得通過

締約方首次同意分階段壓減淘汰未進行碳移除的煤電

各國同意2022年重新回顧並加強各自2030年減排目標，從2022年起每年舉辦政治圓桌會，考慮發佈一個全球進展報告，並在2023年舉行領導人峰會

對氣候變化造成損失與損害的認識和回應較以往有提高

COP26 ends with global agreement to accelerate action on climate this decade

Two weeks of intense negotiations finally complete the Paris Rulebook

For the first time COP agrees position on phasing down unabated coal power

 

The Glasgow Climate Pact caps two years of diplomacy and ambition raising

COP26 has today concluded in Glasgow with nearly 200 countries agreeing the Glasgow Climate Pact to keep 1.5C alive and finalise the outstanding elements of the Paris Agreement.

Climate negotiators ended two weeks of intense talks on Saturday with consensus on urgently accelerating climate action.

The Glasgow Climate Pact, combined with increased ambition and action from countries, means that 1.5C remains in sight, but it will only be delivered with concerted and immediate global efforts.

The Glasgow Climate Pact will speed up the pace of climate action. All countries agreed to revisit and strengthen their current emissions targets to 2030, known as Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), in 2022. This will be combined with a yearly political roundtable to consider a global progress report and a Leaders summit in 2023.

The Paris Rulebook, the guidelines for how the Paris Agreement is delivered, was also completed today after six years of discussions. This will allow for the full delivery of the landmark accord, after agreement on a transparency process which will hold countries to account as they deliver on their targets. This includes Article 6, which establishes a robust framework for countries to exchange carbon credits through the UNFCCC.

And for the first time, heeding calls from civil society and countries most vulnerable to climate impacts, the COP agreed action on phasing down fossil fuels.

COP decisions went further than ever before in recognising and addressing loss and damage from the existing impacts of climate change.

There were also commitments to significantly increase financial support through the Adaptation Fund as developed countries were urged to double their support to developing countries by 2025.

The final COP26 text follows two years of intense diplomacy and campaigning undertaken by the UK Presidency to raise ambition and secure action from almost 200 countries.

Work focussed on driving short term reduction of emissions to limit temperature rises to 1.5C, mobilising both public and private finance, and supporting communities to adapt to climate impacts.

When the UK took on the COP26 mantle, in partnership with Italy, nearly two years ago, only 30% of the world was covered by net zero targets. This figure is now at around 90%. Over the same period, 154 Parties have submitted new national targets, representing 80% of global emissions.

The UK Presidency has also been focused on driving action to deliver emissions reductions. We have seen a huge shift in coal, with many more countries committing to phase out unabated coal power and ending international coal financing. 

Alongside this, we have seen a marked commitment to protect precious natural habitats, with 90% of the world’s forests covered by a pledge from 130 countries to end deforestation by 2030.

While on the world’s roads, the transition to zero emissions vehicles is gathering pace, with some of the largest car manufacturers working together to make all new car sales zero emission by 2040 and by 2035 in leading markets. Countries and cities are following suit with ambitious petrol and diesel car phaseout dates.

Current policies would leave us on a path to a devastating temperature rise. But work done by independent experts Climate Action Tracker show that with the full implementation of the fresh collective commitments could hold temperature rise to 1.8C.

Even with the action committed both during and before COP26, communities around the world will continue to feel the impact of our changing planet.

Reflecting on the task ahead, COP26 President Alok Sharma said:

We can now say with credibility that we have kept 1.5 degrees alive. But, its pulse is weak and it will only survive if we keep our promises and translate commitments into rapid action. I am grateful to the UNFCCC for working with us to deliver a successful COP26.

From here, we must now move forward together and deliver on the expectations set out in the Glasgow Climate Pact, and close the vast gap which remains. Because as Prime Minister Mia Mottley told us at the start of this conference, for Barbados and other small island states, ‘two degrees is a death sentence’.

It is up to all of us to sustain our lodestar of keeping 1.5 degrees within reach and to continue our efforts to get finance flowing and boost adaptation. After the collective dedication which has delivered the Glasgow Climate Pact, our work here cannot be wasted.

13.11.2021

COP26 PRESIDENT REMARKS AT CLOSING PLENARY

ALOK SHARMA’S REMARKS AT THE COP26 CLOSING PLENARY.

Dear Friends,

After two years of incredibly hard work we have our Glasgow Climate Pact.

This is down to each and every one of you and your teams.

Your hard work, your dedication, your willingness to build consensus.

I thank you all, and your teams, for your extraordinary and heroic efforts.

I also want to thank my own incredible team for the past two years, and all the work that has gone into making this conference happen.

I also thank our Observers, civil society and young people, for keeping up the pressure,

for constantly reminding us,

that communities around the world expected us to deliver here in Glasgow.

And I thank those most climate vulnerable Parties who never let us forget what is at stake.

Parties whose people are already suffering the worst effects of climate change and whose moral authority has powered this process forward.

Together, over these two weeks, Parties have demonstrated what the world had come to doubt,

that countries can rise above their differences to unite against a common challenge,

that this multilateral process can deliver.

I know that some Parties have sacrificed wording they held dear for the sake of a balanced outcome.

I thank them for doing so.

Just as I thank Parties that have held their nerve under pressure so we can deliver a strong final text.

I think we can all be proud of what, collectively, we have delivered.

The decisions we have adopted are part of a broader package, which includes what we have achieved together outside these negotiating halls,

on nationally determined contributions, adaptation plans, and finance pledges.

Not to mention our coalitions on coals and forests and cars  and the work of the High Level Champions.

Taken together this Package charts a course for the world to deliver on the promises made in Paris.

This Glasgow Climate Pact drives action on adaptation.

It emphasises the need to act,

 

it sets a clear way forward on the Global Goal on Adaptation,

and it urges developed countries to at least double their collective climate finance for adaptation by 2025.

It operationalises the Santiago Network on Loss and Damage, finally giving that issue the focus and attention it deserves.

It commits to urgently scale up finance, which is the foundation for faster action and confidence we can go further.

And it sets out actions to empower and engage all of society in driving forward this transition.

Collectively, we have acknowledged that a gulf remains between short term targets, and what is needed to meet the Paris temperature goal.

And so our Pact brings Parties back to the table next year to improve their commitments, to drive up ambition across this vital decade.

And it emphasises the urgent need to accelerate our efforts to turn targets into action to keep 1.5 within reach.

That work must start now.

We have also, for the first time, adopted text to scale up clean power and phase down dirty coal. 

And after no less than six years of discussions, we have concluded on those final parts of the Paris Agreement Rulebook, on Article 6, on Common Timeframes, and on transparency.

These put in place the rules and systems to keep us accountable and support increased ambition.

Their resolution will unleash the full force of what was agreed in Paris.

This is real progress in keeping 1.5 degrees within reach.

Progress we have made together.

But the need for continual action and implementation, to match ambition, must continue throughout the decade.

Today, we can say with credibility that we have kept 1.5 degrees within reach.

But, its pulse is weak.

And it will only survive if we keep our promises. If we translate commitments into rapid action.

If we deliver on the expectations set out in this  Glasgow Climate Pact to increase ambition to 2030 and beyond.

And if we close the vast gap that remains, as we must.

Because as Prime Minister Mia Mottley told us at the start of this conference, for Barbados and other small island states, “two degrees is a death sentence”.

Friends, it is up to all of us to sustain our lodestar of keeping 1.5 degrees within reach. 

To continue our efforts to get finance flowing and boost adaptation.

After the collective dedication which has delivered the Glasgow Climate Pact,

our work here cannot be wasted.

The drive towards 1.5, for a cleaner, healthier, more prosperous and more resilient world must continue.

And we must continue that together.

At the start of this summit the world was asking,

Do the parties assembled here in Glasgow have the courage to rise to the scale of the challenge?

My friends, you have responded.

We have responded.

History has been made here in Glasgow.

We must now ensure that the next chapter charts the success of the commitments we have solemnly made together in the Glasgow Climate Pact.

Thank you.

ENDS

13.11.2021

COP PRESIDENT CONCLUDING MEDIA STATEMENT

ALOK SHARMA ADDRESSES MEDIA AS COP26 CONCLUDES.

I am very pleased to say that we now have in place the Glasgow Climate Pact, agreed amongst all the Parties here.

I am really pleased that this has been delivered. It is down to the hard work of the UK team; the hard work of all the Parties; the great cooperation that we have seen from all negotiators, and from all ministers; and right at the start of the summit, world leaders came out and set out what they wanted delivered out of this event.

I would say, however, that this is a fragile win. We have kept 1.5 alive. That was our overarching objective when we set off on this journey two years ago, taking on the role of the COP presidency-designate.

But I would still say that the pulse of 1.5 is weak.

That is why, whilst we have reached, I do believe, a historic agreement. What this will be judged on, is not just the fact that countries have signed up, but on whether they meet and deliver on the commitments.

During our Presidency year, which started at the start of this summit, we will ensure that we work really closely to ensure that the commitments that have been set out are being delivered by countries.

And we will work in partnership with all of them.

Collectively we have got this over the line.

I am incredibly grateful to everyone who has helped with this.

But as I say, the hard work starts now.

Thank you.

來源:易碳家